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          JS 深浅拷贝
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        <h2 id="JS基本数据类型"><a href="#JS基本数据类型" class="headerlink" title="JS基本数据类型"></a>JS基本数据类型</h2><ul>
<li>基础数据类型按值进行访问的，可以操作保存在变量中的实际值</li>
<li>引用数据类型，不允许直接访问值，不能直接操作对象的内存空间，在操作对象时，实际操作的是引用</li>
</ul>
<p><img data-src="https://gitee.com/lilyn/pic/raw/master/js-img/JS%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B.jpg" alt="JS数据类型"></p>
<br>

<h2 id="存储方式"><a href="#存储方式" class="headerlink" title="存储方式"></a>存储方式</h2><p>再看一下存储方式，结合深浅拷贝的定义就会理解一些了</p>
<ul>
<li>基础类型存在栈中</li>
<li>引用类型同时保存在栈内存和堆内存</li>
</ul>
<p><img data-src="https://gitee.com/lilyn/pic/raw/master/js-img/JS%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F.jpg" alt="存储方式"></p>
<br>

<h2 id="深拷贝和浅拷贝"><a href="#深拷贝和浅拷贝" class="headerlink" title="深拷贝和浅拷贝"></a>深拷贝和浅拷贝</h2><h3 id="浅拷贝"><a href="#浅拷贝" class="headerlink" title="浅拷贝"></a>浅拷贝</h3><ol>
<li><p>直接进行赋值</p>
<p>赋值引用 a 和 b 都指向同一个对象</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> a = [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>];</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> b = a;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>如果拷贝的是普通对象</p>
<p><code>Object.assign(target, source)</code></p>
<p>ES6 新增的对象方法，它可以实现第一层的“深拷贝”，但无法实现多层深拷贝</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> a = &#123; <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">&quot;lion&quot;</span>, <span class="attr">age</span>: <span class="number">6</span> &#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> c = &#123;&#125;;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">Object</span>.assign(c, a);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>如果拷贝的是数组</p>
<ul>
<li><code>Array.prototype.concat()</code></li>
<li>ES6 扩展运算符</li>
<li><code>Array.prototype.slice()</code></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> a = [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>];</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> b = a.concat();</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> [...c] = a;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> d = a.slice();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>没有递归的 for 循环</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> obj = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">  name: <span class="string">&#x27;bird&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  age: <span class="number">12</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  arr: [<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">20</span>, <span class="number">30</span>]</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> obj2 = &#123;&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="keyword">let</span> key <span class="keyword">in</span> obj) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span> (!obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line">  obj2[key] = obj[key]</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="深拷贝"><a href="#深拷贝" class="headerlink" title="深拷贝"></a>深拷贝</h3><ol>
<li><p><code>JSON.parse() 和 JSON.stringify</code></p>
<p>只能转换 JSON 支持的数据类型，可以参考 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.json.org/json-en.html">JSON 数据类型</a></p>
<ul>
<li><code>bigint</code> 不能直接转换为字符串</li>
<li>对于 <code>symbol/undefined/function</code> 转换为字符串的时候就丢失了</li>
<li>正则对象、Error 错误对象会变为空对象，Date日期对象会变为字符串</li>
<li>无法处理 “套娃” 操作</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> obj = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="comment">// num: 10n, // Uncaught TypeError: Do not know how to serialize a BigInt</span></span><br><span class="line">  sy: <span class="built_in">Symbol</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;AA&#x27;</span>),</span><br><span class="line">  un: <span class="literal">undefined</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  fn: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>) </span>&#123;&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">  reg: <span class="regexp">/\d+/</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  err: <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="built_in">Error</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;error&#x27;</span>),</span><br><span class="line">  time: <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="built_in">Date</span>(),</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// obj.obj = obj // Uncaught TypeError: Converting circular structure to JSON</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> obj2 = <span class="built_in">JSON</span>.parse(<span class="built_in">JSON</span>.stringify(obj))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(obj2)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// &#123; err: &#123;&#125;, reg: &#123;&#125;, time: &quot;2020-07-10T01:43:11.344Z&quot; &#125;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>只能处理数字、字符串、布尔、null、object（普通对象/数组对象）…</p>
</li>
<li><p>递归赋值</p>
<p>Lodash/underscore 类库有 clone/deepClone</p>
<p>如下方法写是不行的，比如正则、错误对象、日期对象会变为普通对象</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> obj = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">  name: <span class="string">&#x27;bird&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  age: <span class="number">12</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  arr: [<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">20</span>, <span class="number">30</span>],</span><br><span class="line">  child: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    chinese: <span class="number">90</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    math: <span class="number">100</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    english: <span class="number">80</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">  num: <span class="number">10n</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  sy: <span class="built_in">Symbol</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;AA&#x27;</span>),</span><br><span class="line">  un: <span class="literal">undefined</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  ul: <span class="literal">null</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  fn: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>) </span>&#123;&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">  reg: <span class="regexp">/\d+/</span>,</span><br><span class="line">  err: <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="built_in">Error</span>(<span class="string">&#x27;error&#x27;</span>),</span><br><span class="line">  time: <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="built_in">Date</span>(),</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">deepClone</span>(<span class="params">obj</span>) </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">let</span> objClone = <span class="built_in">Array</span>.isArray(obj) ? [] : &#123;&#125;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span> (obj &amp;&amp; <span class="keyword">typeof</span> obj === <span class="string">&#x27;object&#x27;</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="keyword">let</span> key <span class="keyword">in</span> obj) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">      <span class="keyword">if</span> (!obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) <span class="keyword">return</span></span><br><span class="line">      <span class="keyword">if</span> (obj[key] &amp;&amp; <span class="keyword">typeof</span> obj[key] === <span class="string">&#x27;object&#x27;</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        objClone[key] = <span class="built_in">this</span>.deepClone(obj[key])</span><br><span class="line">      &#125; <span class="keyword">else</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        objClone[key] = obj[key]</span><br><span class="line">      &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> objClone</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> obj2 = deepClone(obj)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(obj2)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



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